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348 Electrics

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Caulkhead View Drop Down
Sub Lieutenant
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Joined: 26 April 2021
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Caulkhead Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Topic: 348 Electrics
    Posted: 16 January 2022 at 19:08
Hi, I have a 2021 348.  It has 2 house batteries and one engine battery.  I have a solar panel (with its own regulator), shore power (presumably with its own regulator) and of course the alternator on the engine, also with a regulator.  Imagine the situation where the sun is shining, I’m alongside, connected to shore power and the engine is running.  Unlikely situation, but not impossible.  So, there are three power sources, each with its own regulator, simultaneously charging three batteries.  Is there anyone alive who would be able to explain all the likely current flows in this scenario?  
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CrocDundee View Drop Down
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote CrocDundee Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 17 January 2022 at 08:19
Fair question and in some of my living hours, I have had the same thought. 

Each system has their own regulator, as you mention, and likely they all see a high voltage, and respond accordingly. Current flows will be very low from each source, and the voltage may sit as high as 14.5 v (or higher if the battery temperature is low). 

The system delivering the highest current will be the one that the regulator is in a charging phase with the highest voltage. As I understand systems may have 3 or 4 stage charging phases, and some may include a brief equalisation charge to reduce battery sulphation. 

If the 12 v system is under low load (< 30 amps), and with these three charging sources, then each will contribute, again depending on their voltage phase. I have some kit to measure this, so next time I am on the boat I will measure. Under a heavy load (say bow thruster, engine starter, or recovering an anchor (while sunny and on shore power)), then battery voltage will drop and all three will contribute their maximum amps (bulk charging phase). In our boat this would be 60 amps from the alternator, 30 amps from the shore charger and 20 amps from solar. 

If the system voltage has dropped (<12.8 v) so that the VSR activates then the house and engine batteries will be operating as separate systems. In this case the alternator will charge the engine battery until it rises to above 13.3 v (or so), and the shore charger and solar systems will continue to charge the house batteries. Above 13.3 volts the VSR will recombine the systems, and we are back in the paragraphs above. 

Happy to be corrected, but that was my thinking. 


Hanse 345 - Tenacious. Sailing on the Solent and now to the west coast of Scotland.
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S&J View Drop Down
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote S&J Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 17 January 2022 at 11:18
My setup is similar and all I can say is that the system will balance itself.
I think of the regulators as something like an overflow on a sink.  Once the voltage reaches the configured threshold the regulator will discard (or in the case of the shore power battery charger shutdown) any further input.
Of course good battery management means it is a little more complex as the regulators switch from bulk to float.
I have gone with a Victron shunt and mppt regulators which talk to one another over Bluetooth.

Fir added complexity you also have the engine start battery and possibly thruster batteries too.


Edited by S&J - 17 January 2022 at 11:19
H458 #159 Primal Mediterranean cruising
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Caulkhead View Drop Down
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Caulkhead Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 18 January 2022 at 19:14
Thanks!
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